Top Tips for Applying to German Universities: A Comprehensive Guide for International Students
Germany is one of the best countries in Europe for international students, offering tuition-free education at public universities, globally respected degrees, and hundreds of English-taught programs. However, the application process can be complex if you’re unfamiliar with the system. From recognizing your qualifications to securing a visa, each step requires attention to detail.
Here are the top tips for applying to German universities:
- Make sure your high school diploma qualifies for university entry (Hochschulzugangsberechtigung).
- If needed, apply for a Studienkolleg preparatory course.
- Check if you need an APS certificate (mandatory for students from India, Vietnam, and China).
- Choose the right university type: public, private, or university of applied sciences.
- Submit your application through UniAssist or Hochschulstart.de, depending on your program.
- Open a blocked account (Sperrkonto) with at least €11,208 to meet visa financial requirements.
- Get health insurance and complete your Anmeldung (city registration) before enrollment.
These tips for applying to German universities will help you avoid delays, meet legal requirements, and improve your chances of admission. Whether you’re applying for a Bachelor’s, Master’s, or PhD program, this guide will walk you through everything you need to prepare for studying in Germany.
Understanding the Types of Universities in Germany
Germany has three main types of higher education institutions. Each serves a different purpose and suits specific academic and professional goals. Choosing the right type is essential when applying to German universities.
Traditional Universities (Universitäten)
Universitäten are research-focused institutions. They offer academic programs in subjects like science, law, medicine, humanities, and social sciences.
These universities provide all degree levels: Bachelor’s, Master’s, and PhD. The teaching is theory-oriented and designed for students planning careers in research, academia, or advanced study.
Most courses are taught in German, but many postgraduate programs are available in English, especially in technical and scientific fields.
Best for: Students pursuing research, academic careers, or professions requiring advanced theoretical knowledge.
Universities of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen)
Fachhochschulen specialize in practice-based education. They offer degrees in areas such as engineering, business, IT, design, and social work.
These programs combine academic learning with real-world applications. Internships and projects with companies are often part of the curriculum.
Degrees are available at the Bachelor’s and Master’s levels. These institutions typically do not offer PhD programs, though some collaborate with traditional universities for doctoral studies.
Best for: Students aiming for employment in industry or applied professions after graduation.
Private Universities (Private Hochschulen)
Private universities operate independently of state funding. They offer specialized programs, often in English, with a focus on fields like business, media, and international relations.
Tuition fees are significantly higher than at public institutions, but these universities often provide modern facilities, small class sizes, and personalized academic support.
Many private universities emphasize global education and strong connections to the private sector. Admission processes may be more flexible.
Best for: Students seeking English-taught programs, personalized education, or niche academic fields.
What You Need Before Applying to German Universities
Before you begin your application, make sure you meet the core academic and documentation requirements. These criteria vary depending on your country of origin and the type of program you are applying for.
University Entrance Qualification (HZB)
To study at a university in Germany, international students must have a recognized school-leaving certificate. This is known as the Hochschulzugangsberechtigung (HZB).
If your high school diploma is equivalent to the German Abitur, you can apply directly to most undergraduate programs. If not, you may need to complete additional steps.
To check if your certificate qualifies, use the anabin database or contact the ZAB (Central Office for Foreign Education).
Studienkolleg for Non-Equivalent Diplomas
If your school diploma is not equivalent to the Abitur, you may need to attend a Studienkolleg. This is a one-year foundation course for international students.
After completing the course, you must pass the Feststellungsprüfung (assessment test) to become eligible for university admission.
This requirement is common for students applying to German universities from countries with 12-year secondary school systems, such as India, Pakistan, or Nigeria.
Language Requirements for University Admission
Most programs in Germany are taught in German. If you choose a German-taught course, you must prove your language skills through one of the following exams:
- TestDaF
- DSH (Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang)
- Goethe-Zertifikat (C1 or higher)
If you’re applying to English-taught programs, you’ll need a valid score in:
- IELTS
- TOEFL
- Duolingo English Test (increasingly accepted by many universities)
Always check the specific program’s language requirement before applying.
APS Certificate Requirement for India, Vietnam, and China
Applicants from India, Vietnam, or China must obtain the APS Certificate before submitting their university application in Germany.
APS (Akademische Prüfstelle) is a document verification process run by German authorities in these countries. Without this certificate, your application will be automatically rejected.
Start the APS application early, as it can take several weeks to complete and is a required document when applying to German universities from these countries.
How to Apply to German Universities: Step-by-Step Guide
Follow these clear steps to apply successfully to universities in Germany. This process applies to most undergraduate and postgraduate programs for international students.
Step 1: Choose the Right Program and University
Start by researching programs that fit your academic background, career goals, and preferred language of instruction. Consider whether you want to attend a public university, private university, or a university of applied sciences.
Use these platforms to find programs:
- DAAD database: Ideal for finding English-taught and international programs.
- UniAssist: Handles applications for many public universities in Germany.
- Hochschulstart.de: Required for subjects with restricted admission (e.g., medicine, pharmacy).
- University websites: For direct applications to institutions not using UniAssist.
Tip: When applying to German universities, verify program-specific requirements such as GPA thresholds, portfolio submissions, or work experience.
Step 2: Prepare Your Application Documents
Prepare all required documents. These must be translated (if needed), certified, and complete before submission.
Standard documents include:
- School-leaving certificates or academic transcripts (certified)
- University degree certificates (for Master’s applicants)
- Language proficiency proof (German or English)
- APS Certificate (required for students from India, China, and Vietnam)
- Statement of Purpose or motivation letter
- Curriculum Vitae (CV)
- Letters of recommendation (if required)
- Valid passport copy
Tip: Scan and save digital copies of all documents to speed up the application process.
Step 3: Submit Your Application
Submit your application through the correct platform based on the university’s system.
Application platforms include:
- UniAssist: Used by most public universities.
- Hochschulstart.de: Mandatory for some high-demand programs.
- Direct university portals: Some institutions allow direct submission through their website.
Application Deadlines:
- Winter semester: Typically apply by July 15
- Summer semester: Typically apply by January 15
Tip: Start your application process at least 6–9 months before the semester begins, especially if you need a visa.
Step 4: Track Your Application and Await Results
After submission, universities will review your documents. You may be asked to submit additional paperwork or attend an online interview.
If your application is successful, you will receive:
- A conditional admission letter (if documents like final transcripts or language certificates are pending), or
- A final admission letter, which you will need for your student visa application.
Tip: Always monitor your email (and university portal, if applicable) to avoid missing deadlines for responses or additional documents.
Comparing Public and Private Universities in Germany
When applying to German universities, understanding the key differences between public and private institutions can help you make an informed decision. Both offer quality education, but they differ significantly in funding models, tuition fees, teaching style, and student experience.
Public vs. Private Universities at a Glance
| Feature | Public Universities | Private Universities |
|---|---|---|
| Funding | State-funded | Privately funded |
| Tuition | Free (undergrad) | €5,000–€20,000/year |
| Semester Fee | €250–€350 | Varies (often extra) |
| Language | Mostly German | Many in English |
| Programs | Broad subjects | Business, tech, design |
| Class Size | Large lectures | Small groups |
| Teaching Style | Theory-focused | Practical, job-oriented |
| Degrees Offered | Bachelor’s, Master’s, PhD | Bachelor’s, Master’s |
| Admission | Competitive | More flexible |
| Career Support | Moderate | Strong industry links |
| Examples | LMU, Heidelberg, RWTH Aachen | SRH Berlin, EBS, Munich Business School |
| Best For | Research, public sector | Business, global careers |
What to Expect from Public Universities in Germany
Public universities in Germany are state-funded and offer free or low-cost education to both EU and non-EU students. They are known for their academic prestige, strong research output, and wide range of programs.
Key Features:
- Tuition fees: Most undergraduate programs are tuition-free, even for international students.
- Semester contribution: Students pay a mandatory fee of €250 to €350 per semester. This covers administrative costs, student services, and often includes a public transport pass.
- Research orientation: Public universities are research-intensive and offer a broad selection of academic disciplines, including humanities, sciences, medicine, and law.
- Language: The majority of undergraduate programs are in German. However, many Master’s and PhD programs are available in English.
Examples of top public universities:
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)
- Heidelberg University
- RWTH Aachen University
Best for: Students aiming for careers in research, academia, or traditional professions that require advanced theoretical knowledge.
What to Expect from Private Universities in Germany
Private universities are independently funded and charge tuition fees for all students. They often specialize in applied or business-oriented programs and provide a more personalized learning environment.
Key Features:
- Tuition fees: Ranges from €5,000 to €20,000 per academic year, depending on the program and institution.
- Class size: Smaller class sizes lead to more one-on-one interaction and individualized support.
- Curriculum: Many private universities offer innovative, career-focused programs, often taught entirely in English.
- Facilities and support: These institutions usually offer modern campuses, strong career services, and partnerships with global companies.
Examples of private universities:
- SRH University of Applied Sciences (Berlin and Heidelberg campuses)
- Munich Business School
- EBS University of Business and Law
Best for: Students seeking international business programs, English-taught courses, or a more tailored academic experience with close industry ties.
Which One Should You Choose?
Public universities are ideal if you’re looking for low-cost, academically rigorous programs with a strong reputation. They are best suited for students who are comfortable studying in German or plan to pursue academic or public sector careers.
Private universities may be a better fit if you:
- Prefer English-taught programs.
- Want smaller class sizes and modern facilities.
- Are focused on international business or digital fields.
- Can afford higher tuition or have access to scholarships or external funding.
When applying to German universities, consider your career goals, language skills, budget, and learning style. Both public and private universities can provide excellent education—what matters is choosing the one that aligns best with your long-term plans.
Cost of Studying and Living in Germany
Germany is widely known for offering affordable higher education, especially at public universities. However, while tuition may be low or nonexistent, students must still account for monthly living expenses, semester fees, and private university tuition if applicable. When applying to German universities, understanding these costs—and preparing proof of funds—is essential for visa approval and long-term financial planning.
Tuition Fees in Public and Private Universities
Public Universities:
Most public universities in Germany do not charge tuition fees for undergraduate programs, including for non-EU students. Students are only required to pay a semester contribution, which usually ranges between €250 and €350. This fee covers administrative costs, student services, and often a public transportation pass.
Private Universities:
Private institutions operate independently of state funding and charge full tuition fees. Costs typically range from €5,000 to €20,000 per academic year, depending on the degree program and the university. These fees can be higher for specialized or internationally focused programs, especially those taught in English.
Average Monthly Living Costs for Students in Germany
Although tuition at public universities is low, students should expect to spend €1,100 to €1,400 per month on living expenses. Costs vary by location, with major cities like Munich, Frankfurt, and Hamburg being more expensive than cities like Leipzig or Dresden.
Estimated Monthly Living Expenses
| Expense Category | Average Monthly Cost (€) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Rent | 400–900 | Lower in eastern cities; higher in Munich, Hamburg |
| Food | 250–350 | Groceries and occasional dining out |
| Transport | 70–100 | Often covered by semester ticket |
| Health Insurance | 100–120 | Mandatory for all international students |
| Miscellaneous | 100–200 | Books, phone, clothes, leisure, etc. |
| Total | 1,100–1,400 | Minimum required for visa and blocked account |
Important Cost Considerations
- Blocked Account Requirement:
When applying to German universities and for your student visa, you must show proof of sufficient funds. Most students open a blocked account (Sperrkonto) with at least €11,208 to cover one year of living expenses. - Cost Differences by City:
- Most expensive cities: Munich, Stuttgart, Frankfurt
- More affordable cities: Leipzig, Dresden, Erfurt, Bremen
- Accommodation Type Matters:
Student dormitories are the cheapest option (from €250/month), but availability is limited. Shared flats (WGs) and private studios are more common but cost more. - Health Insurance:
Public student insurance plans (TK, AOK) offer solid coverage for about €110/month. Private plans are available for older students or those ineligible for public coverage.
When budgeting for your studies, always consider a buffer of €100–€200 extra per month to manage one-time costs or emergencies. Many students also work part-time, but your visa will limit work hours—so don’t rely solely on a job to fund your stay.
How to Get a Student Visa for Germany
If you’re an international student from a non-EU country, you must apply for a Germany student visa after receiving your university admission letter. This visa allows you to enter Germany and stay for the duration of your studies. Follow the steps below to ensure a smooth visa application process.
Step 1: Receive Your University Admission Letter
Before applying for a student visa, you must be formally admitted to a recognized university in Germany. The admission letter should include details about the program, start date, and duration.
Tip: Conditional admission letters may also be accepted, especially if you’re still completing Studienkolleg or meeting language requirements.
Step 2: Prepare Proof of Financial Resources
Germany requires all student visa applicants to prove they can support themselves financially. The most common method is a blocked account (Sperrkonto) with a deposit of at least €11,208 for one academic year.
Accepted providers include:
- Fintiba
- Expatrio
- Deutsche Bank
You’ll need an official confirmation of the account before your visa interview.
Step 3: Get Valid Health Insurance
Health insurance is mandatory for both visa application and university enrollment. Choose the appropriate type based on your age and program:
- Public insurance: TK, AOK, or Barmer (recommended for students under 30 or in full-time programs)
- Private insurance: Suitable for students over 30 or those in special categories
You must present a valid insurance certificate with your visa application.
Step 4: Book Your Visa Appointment Early
Contact the German embassy or consulate in your home country to book a student visa appointment. In high-demand countries like India, Nigeria, or Pakistan, appointments may be booked out months in advance.
Documents typically required:
- University admission letter
- Proof of financial means (blocked account)
- Proof of health insurance
- Valid passport
- Completed visa application form
- Passport-sized photos (as per biometric specifications)
- Motivation letter and academic CV (if requested)
Step 5: Attend the Visa Interview and Submit Your Application
Arrive at your appointment with all required documents. You may be asked about your study plans, financial situation, or long-term goals in Germany.
Tip: Be honest, well-prepared, and organized. Missing documents may delay or result in rejection.
Step 6: Wait for Visa Processing and Receive Approval
Visa processing usually takes 6 to 12 weeks, but times vary depending on the country and embassy workload. Once approved, you’ll receive a visa sticker in your passport, valid for entry and initial stay.
Upon arrival in Germany, you’ll need to:
Apply for a residence permit at the local Ausländerbehörde
Register your address (Anmeldung)
Getting a Residence Permit After Arrival
After entering Germany on a student visa, you must apply for a residence permit to stay legally during your studies. This is separate from your visa and must be obtained within the first few weeks of arrival.
The first step is to complete your Anmeldung, which is the official city registration at your local Bürgeramt. This registration is mandatory and must be done within 14 days of moving into your new address.
Once registered, you’ll receive a Meldebescheinigung (registration certificate), which is required when applying for your residence permit. The permit is issued by the Ausländerbehörde (Foreigners’ Office) in the city where you live. Appointments at the Ausländerbehörde often book up quickly, especially in larger cities, so it’s best to schedule one as early as possible.
To apply, you’ll need your passport, university admission letter, health insurance proof, proof of financial resources (such as your blocked account confirmation), and a biometric photo. Once approved, your student residence permit typically covers the full duration of your academic program and can be extended if needed.
Failing to register or apply for the residence permit on time can lead to legal issues or penalties, so this step is essential after applying to German universities and moving to the country.
What Is a Blocked Account and Why It’s Required
A blocked account (Sperrkonto) is required for non-EU students to prove financial capacity.
Who Needs a Blocked Account to Study in Germany
You need one if:
- You are a non-EU student
- You do not have a full scholarship or sponsor
- You are applying for a student visa or residence permit
How to Open a Blocked Account
- Choose a provider (Expatrio, Fintiba, Deutsche Bank)
- Deposit at least €11,208
- Submit passport, admission letter, and address
- Receive confirmation to use during your visa application
Minimum Required Amount in a Blocked Account
The current minimum is €11,208. This allows for €934/month withdrawals, ensuring you can support yourself during your studies.
Health Insurance and City Registration for New Students
Public Health Insurance Options for Students in Germany
Popular choices include:
- TK (Techniker Krankenkasse)
- AOK (Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse)
These are affordable and accepted by all universities and immigration offices.
Anmeldung: How to Register Your Address in Germany
You must register within 14 days of finding accommodation. You’ll need:
- Passport
- Wohnungsgeberbestätigung (landlord confirmation letter)
- Signed rental contract
Anmeldung is required before completing university enrollment, opening a bank account, or extending your visa.
Country-Specific Requirements for International Applicants
Applying from India, Vietnam, or China
- APS Certificate: Mandatory
- Studienkolleg: Often required if your high school diploma is not equivalent
- Early visa appointments: Recommended due to high demand
These steps are critical when applying to German universities from these countries.
Special Procedures for Nigerian and Ghanaian Applicants
- Some embassies require verified documents or translations
- Admission letters must be unconditional
- Police clearance certificates may be requested
Check the German embassy website in your country for the most up-to-date requirements.
Final Tips for Successfully Applying to German Universities
- Begin the process 8–12 months in advance.
- Ensure your documents are certified and translated if necessary.
- Choose programs carefully based on career goals, language skills, and costs.
- Track deadlines and set reminders—late applications are not accepted.
- Follow up with universities if you haven’t received a response in 4–6 weeks.
Why Applying to German Universities Is Worth It
From world-class degrees to affordable living, studying in Germany opens global career doors. While applying to German universities requires preparation and attention to detail, the payoff is substantial. By understanding your options, preparing your documents, and planning ahead, you’ll be on track to join thousands of international students pursuing their academic dreams in Germany.
Make the process smoother and more successful by following this guide. Whether you’re coming from India, China, Ghana, or Brazil, applying to German universities is your gateway to one of the most respected education systems in the world.
Useful Resources for Your Study in Germany
Planning to study in Germany involves more than just applying to universities. These official platforms provide verified information and essential tools for international students preparing for their academic journey:
- DAAD Program Finder: Explore thousands of English- and German-taught degree programs across accredited public and private universities.
- UniAssist Application Portal: Submit your university applications through this centralized portal used by most German public universities for international admissions.
- Anabin Database (ZAB): Use this official tool to verify whether your school-leaving certificate or university degree is recognized for admission to German universities.
